GATE Civil Engineering (CE) 2019 Shift 2 Solved Paper

Question : 12 of 65

Marks: +1, -0

Analysis of a water sample revealed that the sample contains the following species.

{CO}_{3}^{2-}, {Na}^{+}, {H}^{+}, {PO}_{4}^{3-},

{Al}^{3+}, {H}_{2} {CO}_{3}, {Cl}^{-}, {Ca}^{2+}

{Mg}^{2+}, {HCO}_{3}^{-}, {Fe}^{2+}, {OH}^{-}

Concentrations of which of the species will be required to compute alkalinity?

Solution:

{H}_{2} {CO}_{3}

and

{HCO}_{3}^{-}

never come together

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