CBSE Class 12 Physics 2023 Outside Delhi Set 1 Paper

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Question : 27 of 35
 
Marks: +1, -0
Define current density and relaxation time. Derive an expression for resistivity of a conductor in terms of number density of charge carriers in the conductor and relaxation time.
Solution:
Current density: Current density is the current per unit area of cross-section of a conductor.
J=IA
Relaxation time: Relaxation time is the time interval between two successive collisions of electrons in a conductor.
Expression for resistivity:
vd=eEmτ
or, vd=eVmlτ (since, E=Vl )
or, V=vdmleτ
or, IR=vdmleτ (since from Ohm's law, V=IR )
or, R=vdmleτI
ρlA=vdmleτI( since R=ρlA)
ρ=vdmAeτI

or, ρ=vdmAeτ(neAvd) (since, I=neAvd )
ρ=mne2τ
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