The Moderates constitutional demands were: • Expansion of the Legislative Council and the Legislative Assemblies, both Central and Provincial. • Increase in the membership of Indians by involving some members elected by local bodies such as chambers of commerce, universities, etc. in these councils and by giving much more powers to them. They demanded the Indian control over the public purse and raised the slogan 'No taxation without representation'. • By the starting of the 20th century, they demanded for Swaraj (self-rule) within the British Empire similar to that of the self-governing colonies in Australia and Canada. • Adequate representation of the Indians in the Executive Council of the Viceroy and those of the Governors. • Reformation and expansion of the legislative councils formed by the act of 1861. They demanded the rise in the membership of these councils and all legislative and financial matters involving the Budget should be submitted to these councils. • The legislative council's members to be directly elected by the people of India, i.e. they demanded Universal Adult Franchise. • A complete separation of the executive and the judicial branches of administration. • Complete self-government modelled on self-governing British colonies like Australia and Canada. The Moderates made the following below demands in the administrative sphere: • Demand for the simultaneous Indian Civil Service examinations in England & India. • Complete separation of the executive & the judiciary. They made this demand to protect the Indians from the arbitrary acts by the police and the bureaucracy. • The rise in the municipal bodies powers and also reduction of official control over them. • Repeal of the Arms Act and the License Act. • More comprehensive employment of the Indians in the higher grades of the administrative services and higher jobs for Indians in the army. • Spread of primary education among the people. • Improvement of the police system to make it quite honest, efficient and popular.