Fundamental duties may not be used for determining constitutionality of law, statement (d) is not correct as they help the courts in examining and determining the constitutional validity of a law. The Fundamental duties were not originally a part of the Constitution as they were added by the 42nd Amendment Act of the Constitution in 1976. Hence, statement (a) is correct.To safeguard public property and to abjure violence are Fundamental duties. Hence, statement (b) is correct. They are not enforceable through writs. Hence, statement (c) is correct. There are 11 Fundamental duties under Article 51-A to be obeyed by every Indian citizen.