UPSC CAPF AC 2019 Paper

Gandhi first deployed satyagraha during his struggles in South Africa for Indian rights. The first time Gandhi officially used Satyagraha was in South Africa beginning in 1907 when he organised opposition to the Asiatic Registration Law (the Black Act). It took seven years of protest, before the Black Act was repealed in June 1914. Gandhi had proved that nonviolent protest could be immensely successful.
The two main components of Satyagraha are truth (satya) or holding onto truth as a particular form of nonviolent resistance or civil resistance and non-violence (ahinsa).
According to Gandhi, Ahinsa and Truth are so intertwined that it is practically impossible to disentangle and separate them. They are like the two sides of a coin, or rather of a smooth unstamped metallic disk.
Gandhi proposed a series of rules for satyagrah is to follow in a resistance campaign: Harbour no anger; Suffer the anger of the opponent; Never retaliate to assaults or punishment; but do not submit, out of fear of punishment or assault, to an order given in anger, etc. The Champaran Satyagraha of 1917 was the first Satyagraha movement inspired by Gandhi and a major revolt in the Indian Independence Movement.