The Treaty of Allahabad was signed on August 12, 1765, between the Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II, son of the late Emperor Alamgir II, and Robert, Lord Clive, of the East India Company, as a result of the Battle of Buxar of October 22, 1764. The treaty marks the political and constitutional involvement and the beginning of British rule in India. Based on the terms of the agreement, Shah Alam granted the East India Company’ Diwani rights, or the right to collect taxes on behalf of the Emperor from the eastern province of Bengal- Bihar-Orissa.