SSC JE Civil Engineering 30-Oct-2020 Shift 2 Paper

Concept:
Balancing of errors: The process of adjusting the latitudes and departures to make the algebraic sum of latitudes or departures to zero is called the balancing of errors.
The two types of balancing rules to eliminate errors in traverse surveying are as follows:
1) Bowditch rule (Compass rule)/Compass rule:
It is most commonly adopted when angular measurement and linear measurement both are nearly of same precision.
The correction is considered directly proportional to the length of the side.By Bowditch rule Correction to a particular line is given by
${\mathrm{C}}_{\mathrm{L}}=1\times \frac{\mathrm{\Sigma }\mathrm{L}}{\mathrm{\Sigma }\mathrm{I}}$
${\mathrm{C}}_{\mathrm{D}}=1\frac{\mathrm{\Sigma }\mathrm{D}}{\mathrm{\Sigma }\mathrm{I}}$
Where ${\mathrm{C}}_{\mathrm{L}},{\mathrm{C}}_{\mathrm{D}}$ is corrections in latitude and longitude for a line.
2) Transit rule:
When angular measurements are more precise than linear measurements, the transit method is adopted.