(1) The Swaraj party was formed after Chauri Chaura incident (5 Feb, 1922) when a police station was set on fire and about 23 policemen were killed as they were inside the police station. Gandhi jee,shocked by Chauri Chaura incident, withdrew the Non Cooperation Movement on Feb 12, 1922. His decision came in for severe criticism from his colleagues like Motilal Nehru,C.R. Das s and N.C. Kelkar,who organised the Swaraj Party.The foundation of the Swaraj Party were laid on January 1, 1923, as the Congress Khilafat Swaraj Party. Other leaders were Vithalbhai Patel,Suhrawardy and Subhash Chandra Bose.