RRB Group-D Model Paper 12 with answers for online practice

Lead- Acid Battery:

• The battery that uses lead and lead peroxide for the conversion of the chemical energy into electrical energy is called a lead-acid battery.
• This battery is used in small portable equipment such as emergency lights. These are also used in Cars.

Construction:

• The lead-acid battery consists of a container, plates, active material, separators, and battery terminals.
• Container: The material used for the containers is made of material resistant to sulfuric acid.
• Plates: There are positive and negative plates used in the battery. These are made up of an alloy of lead and antimony.
• Active material: The material in a cell that takes active participation in a chemical reaction during charging or discharging is called the active material of the cell. It consists of Lead peroxide, sponge lead, and ${\mathit{H}}_2\mathit{S}{\mathit{O}}_4$.
• Separators: These are the thin sheets of non-conducting materials that are placed between the positive and negative to insulate them from each other.
• Terminals: There are two terminals in the battery, one positive, and the other one negative.
  • $\mathit{P}\mathit{b}\left(\mathit{s}\right)+\mathit{H}\mathit{S}{\mathit{O}}_4^{-}\left(\mathit{a}\mathit{q}\right)$ → $\mathit{P}\mathit{b}\mathit{S}{\mathit{O}}_4\left(\mathit{s}\right)+{\mathit{H}}^{+}\left(\mathit{a}\mathit{q}\right)+2{\mathit{e}}^{-}$ (Negative plate reaction)
  • $\mathit{P}\mathit{b}{\mathit{O}}_2\left(\mathit{s}\right)+\mathit{H}\mathit{S}{\mathit{O}}_4^{-}\left(\mathit{a}\mathit{q}\right)$ + $3{\mathit{H}}^{+}\left(\mathit{a}\mathit{q}\right)+2{\mathit{e}}^{-}$ → $\mathit{P}\mathit{b}\mathit{S}{\mathit{O}}_4\left(\mathit{s}\right)+2{\mathit{H}}_2\mathit{O}\left(\mathit{l}\right)$ (Positive Plate reaction)