At Surat session of congress 1907, the congress split into extremists and moderates.
The Surat Session of the Congress was marred by disturbances.
Extremist leaders like Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Lala Lajpat Rai and Bipin Chandra Pal were pushing for resolutions on Swaraj, Boycott and national education.
While the moderate leaders like Surendranath Banerjea and Gopal Krishna Gokhale were advocating a softer approach.
With no meeting ground between the two sections, the Session disintegrated into confusion and eventually had to be suspended.
23rd Session (Suspended) was headed by Rash Behari Ghosh.