Class 11 NEET Biology Plant Growth and Development

(d) : The effect of photoperiods or daily duration of light hours (and dark periods) on the growth and development of plants, especially flowering, is called photoperiodism. Photoperiodism was first studied by Garner and Allard (1920). They observed that "Maryland Mammoth' variety of tobacco could be made to flower in summer by reducing the light hours with artificial darkening. It could be made to remain vegetative in winter by providing extra light.