The clone is a population of genetically identical individuals normally produced asexually or by vegetative reproduction. A plasmid is an extrachromosomal small DNA molecule which can replicate independently. They are mostly found in bacteria but are also present in archaea and eukaryotic organisms. An engineered DNA molecule that can serve to carry foreign genetic material into another cell to facilitate the expression of the foreign gene, for example, plasmids, cosmids, and artificial chromosomes. A probe is a radiolabeled single-stranded DNA/ RNA fragment used to search for a gene of interest or other DNA sequence. For the purpose, the base sequence of the probe is complementary to the target sequence to facilitate its base pairing with the target gene