Consider the following statements. 1. C. Rajgopalachari organised a march in Kerala in Non-Cooperation Movement 2. At its annual session held in Lahore in 1929 under the presidentship of Abdul Kalam Azad INC passed resolution declaring Poorna swaraj as its goal. 3. Women played an important role in the Civil Disobedience Movement. Choose the correct statements
Jawaharlal Nehru, who had done more than anyone else to popularise the concept of Purna Swaraj, was nominated the president for the Lahore session of the Congress (December 1929) mainly due to Gandhi’s backing (15 out of 18 Provincial Congress Committees had opposed Nehru).
Nehru was chosen - because of the appositeness of the occasion (Congress’ acceptance of complete independence as its goal), and to acknowledge the upsurge of youth which had made the anti-Simon campaign a huge success. Hence statement 2 is incorrect.
Tamil Nadu In April 1930, C. Rajagopalachari organised a march from Thiruchirapalli (Trichinapoly as it was called by the British) to Vedaranniyam on the Tanjore (or Thanjavur) coast to break the salt law. Hence statement 1 is incorrect.
The event was followed by widespread picketing of foreign cloth shops; the anti-liquor campaign gathered forceful support in interior regions of Coimbatore, Madura, Virdhanagar, etc.
Although Rajaji tried to keep the movement non-violent, violent eruptions of masses and the violent repressions of the police began. To break the Choolai mills strike, the police force was used.
Unemployed weavers attacked liquor shops and police pickets at Gudiyattam, while the peasants, suffering from falling prices, rioted at Bodinayakanur in Madura.
Malabar K. Kelappan, a Nair Congress leader famed for the Vaikom Satyagraha, organised salt marches. P. Krishna Pillai, the future founder of the Kerala Communist movement heroically defended the national flag in the face of police lathi-charge on Calicut beach in November 1930.
Gandhi had specially asked women to play a leading part in the movement. Soon, they became a familiar sight, picketing outside liquor shops, opium dens and shops selling foreign cloth.
For Indian women, the movement was the most liberating experience and can truly be said to have marked their entry into the public sphere. Hence statement 3 is Correct.