The influence of the Lattitude, Altitude and Pressure is given as follows
Latitude
The Tropic of Cancer passes through the middle of the country from the Rann of Kuchchh in the west to Mizoram in the east.
Almost half of the country, lying south of the Tropic of Cancer, belongs to the tropical area.
All the remaining area, north of the Tropic, lies in the sub-tropics.
Therefore, India’s climate has characteristics of tropical as well as subtropical climates.
Altitude
India has mountains to the north, which have an average height of about 6,000 metres.
India also has a vast coastal area where the maximum elevation is about 30 metres.
The Himalayas prevent the cold winds from Central Asia from entering the subcontinent.
It is because of these mountains that this subcontinent experiences comparatively milder winters as compared to central Asia.
Pressure and Winds
India lies in the region of northeasterly winds.
These winds originate from the subtropical high-pressure belt of the northern hemisphere
The pressure and wind conditions over India are unique. During winter, there is a high-pressure area north of the Himalayas. Cold dry winds blow from this region to the low-pressure areas over the oceans to the south.
In summer, a low-pressure area develops over interior Asia, as well as, over northwestern India. This causes a complete reversal of the direction of winds during summer. Air moves from the high-pressure area over the southern Indian Ocean, in a south-easterly direction, crosses the equator and turns right towards the low-pressure areas over the Indian subcontinent.
These are known as the Southwest Monsoon winds.
These winds blow over the warm oceans, gather moisture and bring widespread rainfall over the mainland of India