Maharashtra State PSC Model Paper 4

The correct answer is (A), (B) and (C).

• Biodiversity refers to the different types of species including plants, bacteria, animals, and humans in one region or ecosystem.
• It is also known as the variety and variability of life on Earth.
• A biodiversity hotspot is a region or ecosystem having a high value of biodiversity, a high number of endemic species, and having a high degree of threat i.e. measured in terms of habitat loss and fragmentation.
• Norman Myer gave the concept of the hotspot.
• Habitat loss and fragmentation is the main cause responsible for the loss of biodiversity.
• Invasion of alien species is the second main cause responsible for the loss of biodiversity.
• It is estimated that almost one-third of all flora and fauna species worldwide could become extinct if global warming continues at the same pace.