GATE Computer Science (CS) 2016 Shift 2 Solved Paper

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Question : 45 of 65
 
Marks: +1, -0
The following function computes XY for positive integers X and Y.
int exp(int X, int Y) {
            int res = 1, a = X, b = Y;
            while ( b != 0 ){
           if (b%2 == 0) {a = a*a; b = b/2; }
           else                 { res = res*a; b = b-1; }
           }
          return res;

Which one of the following conditions is TRUE before every iteration of the loop?
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