The Constitution of India is the supreme law of India. It is the longest written Constitution of any country in the world. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, chairman of the drafting committee, is widely considered to be its chief architect. It was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of India on 26th November, 1949 and became effective on 26th January, 1950 . The document lays down the framework demarcating fundamental political code, structure, procedures, powers, and duties of government institutions and sets out fundamental rights, directive principles, and the duties of citizens.