IQ stands for ‘Intelligence Quotient’ and is a numerical score based on standardised tests which attempt to measure intelligence. Although it originally referred to the first intelligence scale, developed by French psychologist, Alfred Binet, to measure mental ability in children, it is now used in conjunction with several intelligence scales and is considered a general indicator of intelligence. The term ‘intelligence quotient’ was first coined in 1912 by German psychologist, William Stern in reference to the intelligence tests developed by psychologists Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon, who wanted to identify students that needed special help with the school curriculum.