Longitude and Latitude- Latitude and longitude are imaginary lines and are used to define any location on earth. Latitude is the angular distance of a point on the surface, from the central part of the Earth. While lines joining the North Pole to the South Pole are called longitude lines earth is divided into a total of 360 longitude lines. Longitude and latitude both measure in degrees.
Important lines of Latitude-
Equator-Equator represents the zero degrees latitude line it is an imaginary line running on the globe divides it into two equal parts. The northern half of the earth is known as the Northern Hemisphere and the southern half is known as the Southern Hemisphere The Equator passes through South America, Asia, and Africa.
Tropic of Cancer- It is a line of latitude 23½° N in the Northern Hemisphere. It passes through Africa, Asia, and North America.
Tropic of Capricorn- It is a line of latitude 23½° S in the Southern Hemisphere. It passes through South America, Africa, and Australia.
Hence, Africa is the only continent, in which tropic of cancer, equator, and tropic of Capricorn passes through.